Canine Model of Myocardial Infarction Implications for the Interpretation of Electrophysiologic Studies

Fifteen adult mongrel dogs underwent two-stage occlusion of the midor distal left anterior descending coronary artery and then a reperfusion stage. The dogs were studied 3-30 days later to determine strength-interval relations in a canine model of chronic myocardial infarction. These dogs were susceptible to the initiation of sustained ventricular tachyarrhythmias with the introduction of one, two or three ventricular extrastimuli. Using unipolar cathodal stimuli with a pulse width of 2 msec, strength-interval curves were constructed from measurements made at multiple sites in the distribution of occluded and nonoccluded vessels during drive pacing at a cycle length of 300 msec. At 56 normal sites, ventricular refractory periods measured at twice-diastolic-excitability threshold approximated the relative refractory periods (mean absolute difference 3 msec), but were variably longer than effective refractory periods (mean difference 18 msec, range 4-29 msec). At 51 infarct sites, differences between ventricular refractory periods measured at twice-diastolic-excitability threshold and both relative refractory periods (mean difference 13 msec, range -60 to + 18 msec) and effective refractory periods (mean difference 28 msec, range 1-60 msec) were markedly disparate. These differences were further exaggerated after administration of i.v. procainamide. These findings suggest limitations in interpreting the results of programmed pacing studies performed using stimuli of twice-threshold intensity.